• The relatively high concentration of HT used

  2024-11-22

  

  The relatively high concentration of 5-HT used in this study (100 µM) is consistent with the concentrations used in other published ex vivo studies (Ropert and Guy, 1991, Passani et al., 1994, Shen and Andrade, 1998). In our paradigm 5-HT was focally applied at the surface of the slice via a fast pe

• br Conclusions br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2024-11-22

  

  Conclusions Acknowledgments Introduction To die or not to die – that is the question. Christian de Duve created the word “autophagy” in 1960’s for the first time (Klionsky et al., 2016). The word “autophagy” was derived from the Greek roots “auto” (self) and “phagy” (eating) and referred to

• IGF signaling has been shown to

  2024-11-22

  

  IGF-1 signaling has been shown to induce ONC201 changes via interacting with MKK-p38 signaling (Serra et al., 2007) and by perturbing Foxo3a signaling (Stitt et al., 2004), among other mechanisms. The current study demonstrates that the acetyl group itself may be limiting, since IGF-1/ACL/acetyl-CoA

• Fluorescein for in vitro transcription Co is an essential el

  2024-11-22

  

  Co is an essential element for life in minute amounts [5]. The human adult contains about 1.1mg Co with the daily requirement of 0.1μg/day. Co is a component of vitamin B12. Co induces erythropoietin and blocks iodine uptake by the thyroid, controls the transfer of enzymes like homocysteine methyltr

• tcid Unfortunately results of serum plasma

  2024-11-21

  

  Unfortunately, results of serum/plasma AC assessment after food antioxidant intake are rather controversial: although some papers reported an increase of AC after food antioxidant intake (Khan et al., 2015, Torabian et al., 2009), unexpectedly, in a lot of long-term intervention studies (days, weeks

• Recently AFF was used to convert an FN

  2024-11-21

  

  Recently, AFF was used to convert an FN3-based binder specific to the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain of cAbl kinase into an allosterically regulated, intermolecular fluorescent switch (Figure 2D). Binding to cAbl kinase co-operatively stabilized the assembly of the FN3-based binder from two partial fra

• br The lipoxygenase pathway in diseases

  2024-11-21

  

  The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in diseases of the nervous system Conclusions and future perspectives Arachidonic SNX-2112 and other polyunsaturated fatty acids, and their lipid metabolites, play very important roles in human health and disease. This review has outlined the functions of 12- an

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-11-21

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion GRK2 activity has increasingly been shown to contribute to the progression of numerous diseases and organ dysfunction [5], [6]. For instance, a large body of work over the last two decades has identified GRK2 as a major regulator of cardiac dysfunctio

• The importance of insulin in controlling

  2024-11-21

  

  The importance of insulin in controlling lipolysis and fat mass is further emphasized by mouse models with alterations in the insulin signaling pathway of adipocytes. For example, mice with a tamoxifen-inducible knockout of the insulin receptor in mature adipocytes reveal a substantial decrease of a

• Introduction hydroxytryptamine HT is found throughout the bo

  2024-11-21

  

  Introduction 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is found throughout the body and influences smooth muscle activity in various tissues including the intestine, vasculature and urinary SLIGKV-NH2 mg (Kim and Camilleri, 2000, Klarskov and Horby-Petersen, 1986, Mohammad-Zadeh et al., 2008). The current classi

• Neural progenitor cells NPCs are

  2024-11-21

  

  Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that are capable of differentiating into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. NPCs are activated in response to a variety of pathological states in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis,

• The enzyme mediated ATP sensing mechanism in zebrafish can

  2024-11-21

  

  The enzyme-mediated ATP-sensing mechanism in zebrafish can be compared with previous studies in other animal species reporting that enzymatic conversion of chemicals in the peripheral olfactory organ results in either “activation” or “inactivation” of odorants and pheromones. In male silkmoth, the a

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Autoantibodies directed

  2024-11-21

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Autoantibodies directed at neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels are pathogenic and/or biomarkers in several autoimmune neurological diseases [1]. For example, autoantibodies directed against voltage-gated potassium channels, the P/Q-type (α1A) voltage-gated

• The first suggestions that the cleaved intracellular domain

  2024-11-21

  

  The first suggestions that the cleaved intracellular domain of APP, AICD, might transit to the nucleus and hence selectively regulate gene transcription arose from analogies with the Notch receptor signalling system where similar intra-membrane proteolysis occurs [84], [85] and it was later confirme

• br In patients with spina bifida and spinal

  2024-11-21

  

  In patients with spina bifida and spinal cord injury, fecal incontinence is a serious issue that can impair activities of daily living and patient self-esteem. To address this Malone et al. first described the Antegrade Continence Enema (ACE) procedure in 1990 [1], which achieves continence by all

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